Bölgesel GNSS Ağları ile Ekstrem Hava Olaylarının Tahmininin Güçlendirilmesi

-Tübitak 1001

01.04.2017

Bölgesel GNSS Ağları ile Ekstrem Hava Olaylarının Tahmininin Güçlendirilmesi

GNSS Meteoroloji ve GNSS tomografi

TÜBİTAK PROJESİ

01.04.2017

COST Action CA19139 / Process-based models for climate impact attribution across sectors (PROCLIAS)

Many complex process-based models are available in Europe to project future climate impacts. Yet, the current climate impact research community is fragmented, modeling mostly individual systems. The integration of climate impacts across different natural and societal sectors is only slowly emerging. Likewise, attribution of impacts to climate and other factors is still a strongly under-researched field given that climate change is already strongly manifesting itself, an increasing number of court cases dealing with climate impacts is being negotiated and policy debates on loss and damage are intensifying. This lack of coordination amongst impact modelers and insufficient awareness about impact attribution methods hampers important scientific and political progress and more coordination and networking is urgently needed. Therefore, PROCLIAS aims to develop common protocols, harmonized datasets and a joint understanding of how to conduct cross-sectoral, multi-model climate impact studies at regional and global scales allowing for attribution of impacts of recent climatic changes and robust projections of future climate impacts. The Action will do so by focusing on key interactions of climate impacts across sectors, their accumulated effect, especially of extreme events, the attribution of impacts to climate change and the quantification of uncertainties. PROCLIAS will make use of all COST networking tools to train young researchers to conduct and analyse multi-model simulations in a cross-sectoral way, to support a common platform for collecting impact model simulations and methods for analyzing them and to disseminate the data, code and results to scientists as well as, in a more synthesized form, to stakeholders.

COST

27.10.2020

COST Action CA19109 / European network for Mediterranean cyclones in weather and climate (MEDCYCLONES)

Cyclones are the main weather modulators in the Mediterranean region and constitute a major environmental risk, often producing windstorms and heavy rainfall. Moreover, cyclones play a key role in the regional climate variability by controlling the oceanic circulation and regional water cycle, and by mobilizing and transporting large amounts of dust from North Africa. Despite the recent achievements of the scientific community to provide deeper insight into the atmospheric processes and impacts associated with Mediterranean cyclones, there are still unaddressed scientific challenges that require a coordinated approach. In addition, the lack of direct interaction between academic researchers and weather/climate prediction scientists working in operational centres inhibits the efficient exploitation of fundamental research results to improve atmospheric models in a tangible way. Therefore, it is undeniable that there are potentially large societal benefits from improving cyclone predictions for weather and climate timescales. Efficient networking between stakeholders, operational weather forecasters and researchers is timely and essential to address both challenges of research coordination and operational implementation of scientific results into weather and climate services. This Action will coordinate the activities of researchers in meteorology and climatology and scientists from weather/climate services with the main aims to provide a deeper understanding of Mediterranean cyclones and to improve significantly the European capacity to predict their environmental and climate impacts. In this context, the network will identify, and involve in the network, relevant stakeholders with different backgrounds (e.g. civil protection, re-insurance companies) and co-develop cyclone prediction products tailored to their needs.

COST

15.10.2020

COST Action CA18235, PROfiling the atmospheric Boundary layer at European scale (PROBE)

The atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) is the layer closest to the Earth's surface within which most human activities take place. The vertical profile of atmospheric thermodynamic parameters in the ABL impacts weather, air quality, and climate. Surface sensor networks and satellite observations do not provide sufficient information on the high temporal variability and strong vertical gradients experienced in the ABL. Thus, despite its importance, ABL remains the single most important under-sampled part of the atmosphere. This observational gap currently hampers our ability to improve weather forecasts, air quality prediction, and climate model parameterization. However, this gap is mainly due to the lack of S&T networking and coordination. In fact, state-of-the-art ground-based remote sensing instruments able to provide ABL profiles (such as temperature, humidity, wind, aerosol, cloud) are currently deployed at numerous sites in Europe, but the harmonization of data and procedures is missing, limiting the effective use and societal benefits of the existing ABL profiling data. This Action aims to fill this gap, bridging user needs and the S&T expertise residing in industry and academia. This will be achieved through: Capacity building of instrument operators to improve the use of state-of-the-art ABL profiling instruments Fostering coordination between operational agencies and academia to tailor measurement networks for well identified applications Enhancing pan-European research coordination to develop new products and tools for data assimilation and long time series reanalysis Identifying knowledge brokers enabling rapid exchange between academia, operational agencies, industry and end-users to ensure full exploitation for societal benefit.

COST

29.10.2019

CA22136 / Pan-European Network of Green Deal Agriculture and Forestry Earth Observation Science (PANGEOS)

The sustainability of Europe's green resources are threatened by climate change associated environmental changes. Agricultural systems and forests are among the ecosystems mostly interlinked with human health and wellbeing due to the socio-economic services they provide. Whether heat, drought, extreme weather, or biotic stressors, conventional agriculture and forestry today is unprepared for future climate scenarios, rising populations, changing consumption habits, and traditional management practices need re-thinking. The objectives set by PANGEOS are developed in the wake of the European Green Deal strategic goals. For agriculture, these include ensuring food security in the face of climate change, strengthening the EU food system’s resilience and reducing the environmental and climate footprint of the EU agricultural sector towards a competitive and sustainable use and management of resources. For forestry, these span the protection, restoration and enlargement of the EU’s forests to combat climate change, reversing biodiversity loss and ensuring resilient and multifunctional forest ecosystems. To support these goals, PANGEOS aims to leverage state-of-the-art remote sensing (RS) technologies to advance field phenotyping workflows, precision agriculture/forestry practices and larger-scale operational assessments for a more sustainable management of Europe’s natural resources. We propose to bridge the gap between state-of-the-art technologies and applied sciences, to directly serve and inform academics, Young Researchers and Innovators, Inclusiveness Target Countries and Near Neighbor Countries, end-users (e.g., farmers, foresters), and stakeholders in industry and policy-makers by bringing together RS experts and applications in (1) Field Phenotyping, (2) Precision and Regenerative Agriculture, (3) Sustainable Land Management of Complex European landscapes, and (4) Uncertainty Analysis and Standardization.

COST

06.11.2023

CA22164 / european Network on Extreme fiRe behaviOr (NERO)

While rare and large wildfires have occurred in the past, recent catastrophic events point to the emergence of novel fire regimes characterized by extreme wildfires. Researchers argue that these regimes are the new normal since they are associated with increasing size, intensity, and severity. Extreme fire behavior (very rapid fire spread, massive spotting, crowning, deep flaming, pyroconvection) characterizes this new wildfire context. Although there have been significant advances over recent decades in understanding extreme fire behavior, the deep knowledge gained falls short in predicting the intensity and size of recent extreme events. There is still much work needed to advance our capability to identify those situations where extreme fire behavior may occur. This is a challenging endeavor that calls for re-evaluating current knowledge and introducing new paradigms. NERO addresses this challenge by bringing together wildfire researchers and practitioners to advance the current state of the science, thus making a crucial step in improving fire management, firefighter training and safety, and public safety planning. NERO will establish and promote a new European culture that supports the effective transnational exchange of expert knowledge, including data and tools. More importantly, NERO will contribute to narrowing the gap between science and practice, thereby promoting efficient science-based wildfire management. To this end, it exploits COST networking tools to train a new generation of highly qualified researchers and practitioners, specialised in addressing the challenges of the dawning era of extreme wildfires.

COST

17.10.2023

CA22162 / FutureMed: A TRANSDISCIPLINARY NETWORK TO BRIDGE CLIMATE SCIENCE AND IMPACTS ON SOCIETY (FutureMed)

The Mediterranean is a climate change hotspot suffering severe consequences of global warming. Several types of risks are currently affecting the region, from frequent extreme weather events to coastal erosion from rising sea levels or increased pollution. In addition, climate change impacts also propagate as “cascades'' across socio-economic sectors. In urban areas, such sequential or concurrent compounding hazards are more disastrous than single events. The impacts affect ecosystems, economic activities, and human health. Despite the ubiquity of these connections, scientists and decision makers are typically working addressing isolated risks, advancing in parallel and missing added value from cooperative efforts. It is thus necessary to move beyond siloed approaches towards integrated efforts that promote effective science-based and agent-based decision-making. It is necessary to establish unprecedented networks of transdisciplinary partnerships, including scientific, human health, social approaches, to governance, and risk management. Such networks facilitate stakeholders and researchers to reach more accurate recommendations, strategies and policies addressing climate change impacts and risk management. FutureMed will foster new climate change-related science and synergies serving as a transdisciplinary and integrative platform effectively connecting scientific knowledge on high-impact weather (HIW) events and climate change impacts with stakeholders from priority socio-economic sectors such as energy supply and demand, agriculture, health and migration. For the first time, an Action coordinates a platform where scientific communities, key stakeholders and citizens can interact for the ends of promoting climate change impacts awareness, establishing future research priorities, and building capacities based on knowledge exchange in a living lab.

COST

06.10.2023

CA21138 / Joint effects of CLimate Extremes and Atmospheric depositioN on European FORESTs (CLEANFOREST)

The ability of forests to continue mitigating climate change depends on their ability to cope and adapt to global change drivers, such as more frequent climate extreme events and changes in atmospheric pollutants (namely carbon dioxide, reactive nitrogen and sulphur compounds). Different global change drivers could play a synergistic, antagonistic or predisposing role in affecting forest ecosystem functioning and health. All these drivers, however, are generally considered in isolation, and their effects on key processes (at tree, soil and ecosystem levels) are investigated separately in natural, periurban and urban forests, thus leading to uneven, un-coordinated and scattered information among different research communities. Without taking a holistic view on forest’s responses to global change, the future trajectory of Europe's forests and their climate change mitigation potential can be fundamentally mis-assessed. CLEANFOREST will establish an inclusive and multidisciplinary pan-European network, which capitalizes on existing expertise and infrastructures (monitoring networks, manipulation experiments) to i) coordinate research efforts (e.g. data collection), ii) compare approaches and define common protocols to standardize measurements and methods used in global change studies, and iii) foster collaboration among different research groups to exchange and synthesize data, thus contributing to advancing scientific knowledge, identifying research gaps and providing suggestions for the next generation manipulation experiments and monitoring networks. Finally, CLEANFORST will benefit from the participation of key stakeholders (policymakers, small companies developing low-cost and effective instruments for environmental monitoring, citizen associations), by promoting mutual synergies to fulfil the urgent need of evidence-based solutions to policy, societal and technological challenges.

COST

28.10.2022

CA21142 / Fruit tree Crop REsponses to Water deficit and decision support Systems applications (FruitCREWS)

Due to climate change water scarcity and increased evapotranspiration requirements are serious challenges for agriculture worldwide and are jeopardizing the future supply of many crop productions. As perennials, fruit tree crops are particularly threatened by this risk and growers need rational strategies to improve their orchards water use efficiency. This Action aims at understanding the physiological behaviour of fruit tree crops in response to drought stress, in different environments, and identifying the best tools to monitor plant water status in real time while allowing growers to precisely schedule irrigation through the adoption of new technologies. Activities will focus on 1) identifying the most useful physiological parameters to quantify drought stress using cost-effective and user-friendly sensor tools; 2) comparing and assessing the performance of existing models to quantify plant water needs under drought, for possible implementation in decision support systems (DSSs); 3) defining the most effective (deficit) irrigation strategies for different crops and environments and 4) identifying gaps for improving existing DSSs based on the knowledge generated by the network, while taking actions to facilitate their diffusion among stakeholders and adoption by end-users. Results from this Action will provide relevant information for making a step forward towards a more sustainable irrigation management of European orchards. In cooperation with researchers, SMEs, service providers, local water authorities and fruit producers, knowledge resulting from this network activity will be disseminated to a wide spectrum of European stakeholders and to the general public, making European fruit production more resilient and raising awareness of the problems related to water scarcity.

COST

17.10.2022

CA20136 / Opportunistic precipitation sensing network (OPENSENSE)

Despite advances in remote sensing, precipitation observations remain one of the weakest links in the description of Earth’s water cycle. This is especially critical in the face of climate change, human-induced hydrologic changes e.g. due to rapid urbanisation, and consequent increase in frequency and magnitude of extreme events. Opportunistic sensing can greatly improve spatial and temporal resolution of standard precipitation monitoring networks on continental scale by complementing them with measurements from personal weather stations or devices primarily not intended for precipitation monitoring such as commercial microwave links or broadband satellite terminals. The number of opportunistic sensors has already now exceeded traditional in-situ observations by an order of magnitude, and it is increasing exponentially. Nevertheless, it is still unclear how to make this data operationally accessible, achieve robust quality control of these observations, and integrate them into standard observation systems. OPENSENSE brings together scientists investigating different opportunistic sensors, experts from national weather services, owners of sensor networks, and end-users of rainfall products to build a worldwide reference opportunistic sensing community. It will i) overcome key barriers preventing data exchange and acceptance as hydrometeorological observations ii) define standards to allow for large-scale benchmarking of OS precipitation products developing new methods for precipitation retrieval iii) coordinate integration of the opportunistic observations into traditional monitoring networks, and iv) identify potential new sources of precipitation observations. These coordinated activities will boost uptake of OS as precipitation observation methods and enable generation of high-quality precipitation products with unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution.

COST

13.10.2021